Anti-SARS-CoV-2 and Antioxidant Activities of The Methanolic Extract and Its Fractions of Marrubium alysson L. Aerial Parts

Document Type : Original Article

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Department of pharmacognosy, Faculty of pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansaura, Egypt

Abstract

The pandemic novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in enormous economic damage and an exclusive health crisis, so the development of cure for this respiratory infectious disease has been proceeded forward at full speed. Natural products and herbal medicines with accepted safety profiles are considered promising sources for discovering new medication leads. Genus Marrubium was reported to exhibit potential antiviral and antioxidant activities. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the inhibitory activity of the total methanolic extract and its soluble fractions: (petroleum ether, methylene chloride and ethyl acetate) of the aerial parts of Marrubium alysson L. against SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro). Also, they were quantitatively assayed for their phenolics and flavonoids contents, in addition to evaluation of their antioxidant activity. The results showed that the petroleum ether fraction has the highest inhibitory activity against SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) enzyme with IC50 value of 3.959±0.17 µg/mL compared to the reference tipranavir (IC50 1.89±0.08 µg/mL). The ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest total phenolics and flavonoids contents as well as the highest antioxidant activity (IC50 33.81±0.15 µg/mL) compared to the reference L-ascorbic acid ( IC50 30.43±0.14 µg/mL). It could be concluded that soluble fractions of the total methanolic extract of Marrubium alysson L. may be used as an alternative source for the development of new natural inhibitors against main protease enzyme and may be suggested for treatment of COVID-19.

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